Other storage sites, such as surface impoundments, pits, ponds, or lagoons are not covered by the federal requirements. Until the mids most underground storage tanks USTs were made of bare steel, which is likely to corrode over time and allow UST contents to leak into the environment.
The greatest potential hazard from a leaking UST is that its contents petroleum or other hazardous substances can seep into the soil and contaminate ground water, the source of drinking water for nearly half of all Americans. To address a nationwide problem of leaking USTs, Congress passed a series of laws to protect human health and the environment. The changes established federal requirements that are similar to key portions of the Energy Policy Act of The changes:.
A complete version of the law that governs underground storage tanks USTs is available in the U. Because of the large size and diversity of the regulated community, states and territories are the primary implementers of the UST program. The underground storage tank UST program is primarily implemented by states and territories. Your first point of contact is the state or territorial regulatory agency that has jurisdiction where the USTs are physically located.
A list of s tate and territorial UST program offices is provided for your convenience. As of March , , releases were confirmed from UST systems.
For state-by-state data reported semi-annually such as the number of active and closed tanks, releases reported, cleanups initiated and completed, inspections, and facilities in compliance with UST requirements, go to the UST Performance Measures.
These releases have been caused by leaks, spills, and overfills from UST systems. These releases can threaten human safety and health as well as the environment because UST systems contain hazardous and toxic chemicals. Fumes and vapors can travel beneath the ground and collect in areas such as basements, utility vaults, and parking garages where they can pose a serious threat of explosion, fire, and asphyxiation or other adverse health effects.
Gasoline, leaking from service stations, is one of the most common sources of ground water pollution. Because approximately one-half of the population of the United States relies on ground water as their source of drinking water, ground water pollution is a serious problem.
Many municipal and private wells have been shut down as the result of contamination caused by releases from UST systems. Preventing and cleaning up releases are the two primary goals of the programs that regulate USTs. Cleaning up petroleum releases is difficult and usually expensive; it is easier and less costly to prevent releases before they happen. The old adage of "an ounce of prevention being worth a pound of cure" is particularly relevant to UST systems.
In , Congress directed the U. EPA issued federal regulations , effective December , that delegate UST regulatory authority to approved state programs. States are the primary implementers of the UST program and may have requirements more stringent than the federal regulations. States are now applying for their state programs to be as stringent as the regulation. You should contact your state or local regulatory agency to learn about requirements that apply to your UST system.
Below are the requirements for owners and operators. Owners and operators of field-constructed tanks and airport hydrant systems previously deferred in the UST regulation must begin meeting the requirements in Subpart K.
UST owners and operators need to contact their implementing agency to receive specific information on requirements for their tanks. If the tanks are located in Indian country, then you should contact the EPA regional office.
The regulations are divided into three sections: technical requirements, financial responsibility requirements, and state program approval objectives. You should check with your implementing agency about the particular reporting requirements in your area, including any additional or more stringent requirements than those noted above. A list of state UST contacts is provided for your convenience. More information about reporting and recordkeeping. Tanks used for the storage of heating oil for consumptive use on the premises where stored are excluded from federal UST regulations.
However, state or local regulatory agencies may regulate these tanks. You should contact your state or local regulatory agency for more information. EPA developed the flow chart below to aid you in determining whether your UST qualifies for the heating oil tank exemption. Heating oil includes several grades of petroleum fuel oils: No. Consumptive use is not intended to be limited to heating purposes only: the definition extends to any on-site use including heating, generating emergency power, and generating steam, process heat, or electricity.
Exchanging a tank is an appropriate way of recycling your old propane grill tank. Simply find a location near you to exchange your old tank, or contact us to to help you safely dispose of your propane tanks. From grilling and tailgating to generators and patio heating, we're wherever you need us!
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Exchanging your old propane tank for a new one is the easiest way to dispose of it, but if you need to get rid of it for good, contact us and we can direct you! Frequently Asked Questions.
We accept all brands of propane tanks and cylinders for exchange. Here are some quick tips to keep in mind: ALWAYS transport and store a cylinder in a secure and upright position so it will not fall, shift, or roll. In response, it has embarked on recapitalization programs to rebuild make like new and upgrade replace an old component with a new version, to enhance capability equipment.
In this endeavor, a critical question is how to scale and design recapitalization programs so that they can achieve the desired level of operational readiness. RAND Arroyo Center sought to help answer this question by conducting a statistical analysis of the relationship between age and equipment readiness on a key item of equipment, the M1 Abrams tank. The study investigated the relationship between age and mission-critical failures and how other factors such as use and location affected the failure rate in M1 tanks.
It also determined which subsystems and individual parts factor into the relationship between age and failures. The analysis yields valuable results on how age affects system, subsystem, and individual component failures. Controlling for location and level of usage, RAND Arroyo Center researchers estimate that a year-old tank has, on average, about twice as many mission-critical failures for a given amount of use as a new tank.
This equates to an estimated compound annual growth rate of between 3 and 7 percent. The estimate is based upon individual tank failures across the active Army over approximately one year.
These tanks ranged from brand new to 14 years old, so this result cannot be extrapolated beyond 14 years. The study included both M1A1s and M1A2s. Although the study could not control for the two variants because they are confounded with age, detailed analysis indicates that components common to the two variants drive the age effect. The magnitude and pattern of the effects differ by subsystem.
For some subsystems, the age effect stops leading to increasing failures from a tank perspective or even diminishes over time, which indicates that the tanks themselves are older than the typical wear-out point for the subsystem. In other words, after a number of years, enough subsystems have been replaced across the fleet to reduce the average age of that subsystem. Other parts do not exhibit a failure rate associated with age.
Another group of parts was found to be unreliable from the start. As the figure indicates, failure profiles differ by part and can change markedly over time. These differences suggest that the Army can target its recapitalization programs cost-effectively. A rebuild strategy is more appropriate for component groups with stronger aging effects but relatively low failure rates when new, which generally include basic hardware, the hydraulic system, the chassis, and the main gun system.
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